Durante este año, muchas empresas están siendo inspeccionadas sobre el cumplimiento de la normativa referente a la jornada de trabajo de sus trabajadores, especialmente la realización de horas extraordinarias.
El objetivo de la campaña, que responde a una Instrucción de 3/2016, de la Dirección General de la Inspección de Trabajo, dictada a principios de año, es la intensificación del control en determinados sectores del cumplimiento de la normativa sobre el tiempo de trabajo en general y, en particular, sobre la realización de horas extraordinarias.
Entre los objetivos de la campaña se encuentran más de 5.000 empresas pertenecientes a sectores en los que se ha constatado un mayor volumen de horas extraordinarias o una previsible mayor existencia de horas extras no abonadas. Así, las actuaciones inspectoras se centran en sectores como Banca, Industrias manufactureras, reparación de vehículos de motor y motocicletas, actividades financieras y de seguros, etc.
Con estas actuaciones, se trata de verificar, tanto que no se supere el máximo legal de horas extraordinarias (80 horas) así como su adecuada remuneración y cotización.
Uno de los aspectos que se está controlando en las inspecciones se refiere al registro diario de las jornadas de trabajo que prestan los trabajadores.
A estos efectos, cabe recordar que las empresas están obligadas a llevar el registro de jornada diaria de cada trabajador, tanto si se realizan horas extraordinarias como si no, ya que solo así es posible computar las horas extraordinarias que cada trabajador realiza. El registro debe ser diario, e incluir el horario concreto de entrada y salida de cada trabajador para poder determinar el número diario de horas realizadas.
Los sistemas de registros en las empresas pueden ser de diferentes tipologías, sistema de fichaje mediante tarjeta o huella dactilar, manuales, como la firma del trabajador, siempre que dicho sistema garantice la fiabilidad e invariabilidad de los datos.
No se admiten como sistemas de registro, la exhibición del horario general de aplicación en la empresa o los cuadrantes horarios, ya que estos no reflejan las horas efectivamente realizadas.
Además, los empresarios están obligados a conservar estos registros durante un periodo de 4 años en los centros de trabajo. También están obligados a entregar al trabajador, mensualmente, una copia de las horas realizadas.
El incumplimiento de estas obligaciones por parte del empresario, puede llevar aparejado la imposición de cuantiosas sanciones, por lo que se recomienda a todas las empresas (tanto pymes como grandes empresas):
- Tener sistemas de registro de jornada diaria.
- Los registros deben reflejar el horario de entrada y de salida de cada trabajador.
- Conservar los registros en el centro de trabajo, ya que pueden ser solicitados en una inspección.
- Entregar justificante mensual a los trabajadores.
- Es recomendable que los horarios registrados coincidan con la jornada de trabajo especificada en el contrato de cada trabajador, ya que la empresa puede ser sancionada, además de por no llevar registro, por superación de jornada máxima de trabajo, impago de salario, etc…)
55 comentarios en «Inspección de trabajo controla las horas extraordinarias»
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